[分享]【楹联鉴赏】曾国藩的一些对联

四海一棋

题京都长郡会馆<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 按：甲辰顺天乡试，周公寿昌中南元；乙已会试，萧公锦忠殿元，孙公鼎臣朝元。是科湖南八进士，皆长沙府人。又黄公辅相及其任彭年中贵州进士，原籍难陵。题名日，在长沙郡馆演剧，公书此联，一时传为美谈。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 同科十进土；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 庆榜三名元。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>题戏台<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 湖山积久发奇光，借此地鼓舞轩鼙，聊寄酬乎洞庭衡岳；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 科目何尝无国土！愿诸君淋漓感激，便安排作孝子忠臣。<br/><br/>题金陵湖南会馆<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 地仍虎踞龙蟠，洗涤江山，重开宾馆；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 人似渲兰况甚，招邀贤俊，同话乡关。<br/><br/>又题戏台<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 荆楚九歌，客中聊作?榆社；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 江山六代，劫后重闻雅颂声。<br/><br/>题扬州何廉防太史寓宅<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 按：太史名拭，江阴人。晚年笑官，寄寓扬州，擅禹策之富，以诗酒自豪。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 千顷太湖，鸥与陶朱同泛宅；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 二分明月，鹤随何逊共移家。<br/><br/>题四川往湖<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 自注：癸卯九月，使旋过新都县。张宜事大令邀游桂湖。湖为明杨升庵旧址，约广三百亩，皆荷花，缘堤皆桂树。张君修墓楼阁不俗。酒罢，因题联语。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 五千里秦树蜀山，我原过客；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 一万顷荷花秋水，中有诗人。<br/><br/>题瓜州盐检<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 两点金焦，劫后山密申旧好；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 万家食贷，舟中水调似承平。<br/><br/>题江西吴城望湖亭<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 五夜楼船，曾上孤亭听鼓角；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 一等浊酒，重来此地看湖山。<br/><br/>题江西奉新县九天阁<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 百战河山，剩此接头烟树；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 九天珠玉，吹成水面文章<br/><br/>题石钟山观音阁<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 长苗不吹江月落；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 高楼遥吸好云来。<br/><br/>题衡阳莲湖书院<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 莲香入座清，笔底当描成这般花样；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 湖水连天静，眼前可悟到斯造源头。<br/><br/>题州县官厅<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 长交多从耕田凿井而来，视民事须如家事；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 吾曹同讲补过尽忠之道，凛心箴即是官箴。<br/><br/>又题州县官厅<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 随时以法言巽语相规，为诸君导迎善气；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 斯民当火热水深之后，赖良空默挽天心。<br/><br/>赠孙琴西观察<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 大笔高名海内外；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 君来我去天东南。<br/><br/>赠李竹吾<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 文涵万古江山气；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 道续干年丝竹声。<br/><br/>赠孔觐堂上公<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 业绍二南，群伦宗主；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 道承一贯，累世通家。<br/><br/>赠胡润之宫保<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 舍己从人，大贤之量；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 推心置腹，群老所归。<br/><br/>赠袁漱六太史<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 于汉宋间折衷一是；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 以江海量翕受群言。<br/><br/>赠萧心庄茂才<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 大笔横飞，颠张醉素；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 名山高卧，鹤骨松心。<br/><br/>赠彭雪琴<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 冯唐易老，雍齿且侯，三字故将军，匹马短衣春射虎；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 左抱宜人，右弄孺子，孤山林处士，芦帘纸阁夜谈龙。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> （盖晚年常高西湖三潭印月。）<br/><br/>赠吴莘畲同年<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 梦泛扁舟镜湖月，<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 身骑瘦马剑关云。<br/><br/>格言十二首<br/>　　　　　　时贤一石雨水；<br/>　　　　　　古法二祖六宗。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>　　　　　　养活一团春意思；<br/>　　　　　　撑起两根穷骨头。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>　　　　　　禽里还人，静由敬出；<br/>　　　　　　死中求活，淡极乐生。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>　　　　　　取人为善，与人为善；<br/>　　　　　　乐以终身，忧以终身。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>　　　　　　不为圣贤，便为禽兽；<br/>　　　　　　莫问收获，但问耕耘。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>　　　　　　天下断无易处之境遇；<br/>　　　　　　人间那有空闲的光阴。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>　　　　　　天下无易境，天下无难境；<br/>　　　　　　终身有乐处，终身有忧处。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>　　　　　　战战兢兢，即生时不忘地狱；<br/>　　　　　　坦坦荡荡，虽逆境亦畅天怀。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>　　　　　　丈夫当死中图生，祸中求福；<br/>　　　　　　古人有困而修德，穷而著书。<br/> <wbr><br/><br/>　　　　　　不怨不允，但反身争个一壁静；<br/>　　　　　　勿忘勿助，看平地长得万丈高。<br/><br/>　　　　　　打仗不慌不忙，先求稳当，次求变化；<br/>　　　　　　办事无声无臭，既要老到，又要精明。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>　　　　　　莫苦海已往愆尤，但求此日行为无惭神鬼；<br/>　　　　　　体预怕后来灾祸，只要暮年心气感召吉祥。<br/><br/>挽胡文忠公林翼太夫人<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 武昌居天下上游，看郎君新整乾坤，纵横扫荡三千里；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 陶母是女中人杰，痛仙驭永辞江汉，感激悲歌百万家。<br/><br/>挽胡文忠公林翼<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 道寇在吴中，是先帝与尊臣临终恨事；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 荐贤满天下，愿后人补我公未竟勋名。<br/><br/>又代沅甫弟挽前人<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 少壮剧豪雄，到暮年拆节谦虚，但思尽忠补过；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 东南名将帅，赖先生苦心调护，联为骨肉弟昆。<br/><br/>挽潘伊卿观察鸿焘<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 还家便永诀，痛高堂七十岁倚门倚周，知九泉定呼憾事；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 治水甫成功，念下河亿万姓己饥己溺，拼一死水奠生灵。<br/><br/>挽汤海秋侍御鹏<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 著书成二十万言，才未尽也；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 得谤遍九州四海，名亦随之。<br/><br/>挽陈堇覃给谏岱霖<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 归路三干指故乡，记否黄鹤晴川，曾上高楼持使节？<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 去年重九作生日，岂意只鸡斗酒，又来萧寺吊诗魂。<br/><br/>挽梅霖生太史钟澎<br/>　　 <wbr> 万缘今已矣，新诗数卷，浊酒一壶，畴昔绝妙景光，只赢得青枫落月；<br/> <wbr> 　　孤愤竟何如？百世贻谋，千秋盛业，平生未了心事，都付与流水东风。<br/> <wbr><br/><br/>挽金竺虔明府树荣<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 对榻京华，忆否夜雨深谈，情同昆弟；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 牵丝岭桥，留得春风遗爱，泽及子孙。<br/><br/>挽李秀峰都司开林<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 期服去它，有犹子能行古利；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 儒官为侠，如先生岂是今人。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> （李秀峰名下有自注：湖北李寿廷农部名村人之脉叔也。）<br/><br/>挽邹叔绩孝廉双勋<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 闻叔绩不生，风云变色；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 与氓樵同死，日月争光。<br/><br/>挽莫（吕阝）亭孝廉友之<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 京华一见便倾心，当时书肆定交，早钦宿学；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 江表十年常聚首，今日酒尊和泪，来吊诗魂。<br/><br/>挽郭有门孝廉世(亻+上采之上下冉)<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 曾巩文章，愧作醉翁门下土；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 王阳家学，仍为汉代弟子员。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>挽孙芝房继妻<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 杏林看橡萼双华，春日衔书，犹是倚门健在；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 缟素换宫袍五色，秋风碎杆，不堪游子归来。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>挽乳母<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 一饭尚铭恩，况保抱提携，只少怀胎十月；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 千金难报德，论人情物理，也当泣血三年。<br/> <wbr><br/><br/>挽胡文忠公<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 竭治民治兵治贼之心，丹陛惟诚，从病积贤劳，三流乞作犹未允；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 后忠烈忠武忠节而逝，黄泉聚首，知功成皖鄂，百年遗恨定同销。<br/> <wbr><br/><br/>挽胡润芝宫保太夫人<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 夫作大儒宗，裙布荆钗，曾分黄卷青灯苦；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 子为名节度，经文纬武，都自和丸画荻来。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>挽伎春燕<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 未免有情，对酒绿灯红，一别意伤春去了；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 似曾相识，怅梁空泥落，何时重见燕归来。<br/> <wbr>  <wbr><br/><br/>挽伎大姑<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 大抵浮生若梦；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr>  <wbr> 姑从此处销魂。<br/><br/><br/>]箴曾国荃<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 入孝出忠，光大门第；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 亲师取又，教育后昆。<br/><br/>挽罗淡村<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 孤军少外援，差同许远城中事；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 万马迎忠骨，新自岳王坟畔来。<br/><br/>题两江总督署厅事<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 虽豪杰难免过差，愿诸君谠论忠言，常攻吾短；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 凡堂属略同师弟，使僚友修行名立，方尽我心。<br/><br/>自箴<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 大处着眼，小处着手；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 群居守口，独居守心。<br/><br/>自箴<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 丈夫当死中图生，祸中求福；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 古人有困而修德，穷而著书。<br/><br/>赠左宗棠<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 敬胜怠，义胜欲；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 知其雄，守其雌。<br/><br/>题九江塔公祠<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 大勇却慈祥，论古略同曹武惠；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 至诚相许与，有章曾荐郭汾阳。<br/><br/>题石钟山水师昭忠祠<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 巨石咽江声，长鸣今古英雄恨<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 崇祠彰战绩，永祭湖湘子弟魂。<br/><br/>挽同乡先辈汤一鹏<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 著书成二十万言，才未尽也；<br/> <wbr>  <wbr> 得谤遍九州四海，名亦随之。<!--   -->