<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: 12.0pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? New?>内容提要:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? New? ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; new="New">贾雨村是《红楼梦》塑造的系列悲剧人物形象之一,没落的身世和理想的狭隘是造成他唯利是图,见利忘义型人格的内在因素,是他人生悲剧形成的总根源;复杂丑恶的封建社会现实环境是他人生悲剧形成的外在因素,是他人生悲剧形成的罪魁祸首。分析贾雨村形象在今天仍具有重要的现实意义,提醒我们要树立正确的人生观,世界观;追求真善美,排斥假恶丑!</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: 12.0pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? New? ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; new="New"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"></span></font> </p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: 12.0pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">关键词:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">红楼梦<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>贾雨村<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>形象分析</span></span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: 12.0pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><span lang="EN-US"></span></span></font> </p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: 12.0pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><font size="4">《红楼梦》作为我国古典文学名著,在文学人物画廊上留下众多不可磨灭的典型形象。正像书中所说“将真事隐去,贾语村言” 那样,贾雨村的出场和结尾(第一回:甄士隐梦幻识灵通,贾雨村风尘怀闺秀。第一百二十回:甄士隐详说太虚情,贾雨村归结红楼梦。)构成了这部宏伟经典的完整框架。除一至四回和一百二十回为正面描写外,其余几乎都是从侧面进行刻画的。虽然描写文字并不是太多,然而显而易见,贾雨村在《红楼梦》中的地位是举足轻重的。为了刻画这个在假道学上精通无比,在仕途上善于钻营、唯利是图、见利忘义的典型奸雄形象,作者用心良苦,采用了多种艺术手法,使他活脱脱呈现在读者面前,陪着一路的唾骂,一直走到今天。本文从形象分析、艺术手法和形象分析的现实意义三个方面进行阐述。</font></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: 12.0pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span> </p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: 12.0pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US"></span></font></span> </p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm? 12.05pt; 24.1pt;><font size="4"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">一、贾雨村形象分析</span></b></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm? 12.05pt; 24.1pt;><font size="4"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></font> </p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: 12.0pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? New? ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; new="New">贾雨村没落的身世和理想的狭隘是造成他唯利是图、见利忘义型人格的总根源。第一回“甄士隐梦见通灵玉时,正在痴想,忽见隔壁葫芦庙内寄居的一个穷儒,姓贾名化,表字时飞,别号雨村者走了出来,这贾雨村原系胡州人氏,也是读书仕宦之族,因他生于末世,父母祖宗根基已尽,人口衰丧,只剩得他一身一口,在家乡无益,因进京求取功名,再振基业。”</span><sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"><font face="Times new=" New? Roman?>[1]</font></span></sup><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? New? ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; new="New">虽然书中没有交代他成长道路的曲折,但肯定地说,他是饱受了人世的炎凉,扭曲了他的灵魂!他为了实现自己再振基业这个在他看来非常崇高的人生奋斗目标,不知吃了多少苦,只身一人飘零在外。虽然饱读仕途文章,刻苦钻研科举之道,然而他穷得连进京的盘费都没有,只能困顿不堪地寄居在葫芦庙里以卖字鬻画勉强糊口。在甄士隐的资助下才能得以实现入仕的抱负,几经投机钻营,官居军机大臣,显赫一时。可是扭曲的人格指导下的人生道路毕竟也是扭曲的。他由一个名利场里最忙的人,堕落到丧失人格天良,到最后的灰心丧气,看破红尘,再也振作不起来,成天昏昏而睡的最闲人,真是让人捧腹!“雨村听了甄士隐详说的太虚情,心中恍恍惚惚,就在这急流津觉迷渡口草庵中睡着了,再也叫不醒。”</span><font face="Times new=" New? Roman?><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"> <sup><span lang="EN-US">[2]</span></sup></span></font></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: 12.0pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="4"><font face="Times new=" New? Roman?><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"><sup><span lang="EN-US"></span></sup></span></font></font> </p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: 12.0pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="4"><font face="Times new=" New? Roman?><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"><sup><span lang="EN-US"></span></sup></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></font></font> </p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" mso-line-height-rule: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: TEXT-INDENT: 0cm="0cm" 0cm? lfo8? level1="level1" l6="l6" mso-list: 60.1pt; list="list" tab-stops: exactly; -36pt; 0pt="0pt"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">(一)<span style="FONT: 7pt="7pt" =" Roman?? ?Times 7pt? new="New"> </span></span></b><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">为了实现再振基业的理想,贾雨村野心勃勃,精于儒术</span></b></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" mso-line-height-rule: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: TEXT-INDENT: 0cm="0cm" 0cm? lfo8? level1="level1" l6="l6" mso-list: 60.1pt; list="list" tab-stops: exactly; -36pt; 0pt="0pt"><font size="4"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></font> </p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: 12.0pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">在中秋甄士隐宴请的酒席上,乘着酒意,狂兴不禁,口号《对月寄怀》绝句 “时逢三五便团圆,满把清光护玉栏;天上一轮才捧出,人间万姓仰头看”。</span><sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"><font face="Times new=" New? Roman?>[3] </font></span></sup><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">他还“思及平生报复,苦未逢时,乃又搔首对天长叹,复高吟一联曰:玉在?中求善价,钗在奁内待时飞。”</span><sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"><font face="Times new=" New? Roman?>[4]</font></span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"> 是他政治野心的大暴露。为了实现他的抱负,他充满自信!他对甄士隐夸海口说“非晚生酒后狂言,若论时尚之学,晚生也或可去充数沽名。” </span><sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"><font face="Times new=" New? Roman?>[5]</font></span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"> “原来,贾雨村因那年士隐赠银之后,他于十六日便起身进都,至大比之期,不料他十分得意,已会了进士,选入外班,今已升了本府知府。”</span><sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"><font face="Times new=" New? Roman?>[6]</font></span></sup><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">他精通科举学问,并没有投靠什么人,凭着自己的本事实现了他的理想!他被参的原因也是“虽有些才干,未免有些贪酷之弊,且又恃才侮上,便被上司寻了个空隙,做成一本<span lang="EN-US">……”</span></span><sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"><font face="Times new=" New? Roman?>[7]</font></span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"> 他落职后游览天下胜迹时和冷子兴(荣国府仆人林之孝家的女婿,所以他熟悉贾府的情况)的大段对话,既证明了他确实精于科举学问,同时在第一次失败的教训下,重新思考谋求挤身仕途的新途径。热切期望后继有人的贾政对他大为赞赏,当贾雨村拿着宗侄的名帖拜见他时,他看到的是一个相貌魁伟,言语不俗,大有祖风的人,极投他的脾气。便极力内中协助,轻轻为他谋了一个复职候缺,不上两个月,金陵应天府缺出,便谋补了此缺,拜辞了贾政,择日上任去了。</span><sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"><font face="Times new=" New? Roman?>[8]</font></span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"> 在对贾府无比重要的元妃归省这样的大事面前,贾政都欲请贾雨村题对额。“这扁额对联倒是一件难事。伦理该请贵妃题才是-----”“我们今日且看看去,只管题了,若妥当便用,不妥时,然后将雨村请来,令他再拟。”</span><sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"><font face="Times new=" New? Roman?>[9]</font></span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"> 此时的他已经完全融入上流社会,和贵妃等身。</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: 12.0pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></font> </p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" exactly? mso-line-height-rule: 12.0pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></font> </p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" mso-char-indent-size: mso-char-indent-count: TEXT-INDENT: 0cm="0cm" 0cm? lfo8? level1="level1" l6="l6" mso-list: 60.1pt; -36pt; 0pt="0pt" 0cm; 0;><font size="4"><strong><span lang="EN-US">(二)<span style="FONT: 7pt="7pt" =" Roman?? ?Times 7pt? new="New"> </span></span>为了实现再振基业的理想,贾雨村在宦海浮沉中逐渐变成了一</strong><strong>个贪婪狠毒,惯耍两面派的封建官僚典型形象</strong></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" mso-char-indent-size: mso-char-indent-count: TEXT-INDENT: 0cm="0cm" 0cm? lfo8? level1="level1" l6="l6" mso-list: 60.1pt; -36pt; 0pt="0pt" 0cm; 0;><strong><font size="4"></font></strong> </p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" mso-char-indent-size: mso-char-indent-count: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm? 0;><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal"><font size="4"> 第一次的官场失败是以“生性狡猾,擅篡礼仪,且沽清正之名,而暗结虎狼之属,致使地方多事,民命不堪。”<sup><span lang="EN-US">[10]</span></sup>的罪名而革职。此后,他变本加厉,以儒学为敲门砖,投靠贾府,百般钻营,忍辱屈身,终于在封建社会日益深重的政治经济危机中,爬进官场。他“得志便猖狂”:对上,攀附四大家族,摇尾乞怜;对下,贪赃枉法,草菅人命,欺压百姓,成了维护封建统治的一条恶狗。为了既得利益,他的人性已经丧失殆尽。首先,他弃道义于九霄云外,对自己恩重如山的甄士隐之女英莲陷入火坑不闻不问;在一张护官符的淫威逼迫下,听命葫芦僧小沙弥任意摆布,胡乱断了案子,即修书于贾政巴结讨好。他为了讨好贾赦,把不愿交出祖传古扇的石呆子逼得家破人亡。当他在急流津草庵见到自己昔日的恩人甄士隐时却不想相认。草庵被火,恩人葬身火海他也无动于衷,作为一个人的最起码的天良都没有了。可是当皇上召见他时却慌了手脚,吓得汗流浃背。一缓一急,看出这时的贾雨村已经龌龊到了无以复加的地步,不可救药了。就连他以“宗侄”引以为自豪的贾府在政治斗争的旋涡中处于极其不利的地位时,他为了自己的利益,在背后恨恨地踹上一脚。至此,一副惟利是图、心狠手辣的两面派丑恶嘴脸,和他身材魁伟、谈吐不俗的形象形成了极为鲜明的对比,将他被扭曲的丑恶灵魂刻画得淋漓尽致。</font></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" mso-char-indent-size: mso-char-indent-count: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm? 0;><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal"><font size="4"><span lang="EN-US"></span></font></span> </p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 0cm="0cm" 0cm? 0pt?><strong><font size="4"> </font></strong></p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2009-11-02 16:04:28编辑过] |